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The effect of a dietary portfolio compared to a DASH-type diet on blood pressure.

Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Clinical Nutrition & Risk Factor Modification Center, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada. Electronic address: NutritionProject@smh.ca. Richardson Center for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. School of Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada. Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Clinical Nutrition & Risk Factor Modification Center, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada. Clinical Nutrition & Risk Factor Modification Center, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Clinical Nutrition & Risk Factor Modification Center, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Clinical Nutrition & Risk Factor Modification Center, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada. Clinical Nutrition & Risk Factor Modification Center, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada. Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Clinical Nutrition & Risk Factor Modification Center, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada. Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada. Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada. Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Clinical Nutrition & Risk Factor Modification Center, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.

Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD. 2015;(12):1132-9
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Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIM Compared to a DASH-type diet, an intensively applied dietary portfolio reduced diastolic blood pressure at 24 weeks as a secondary outcome in a previous study. Due to the importance of strategies to reduce blood pressure, we performed an exploratory analysis pooling data from intensively and routinely applied portfolio treatments from the same study to assess the effect over time on systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure (MAP), and the relation to sodium (Na(+)), potassium (K(+)), and portfolio components. METHODS AND RESULTS 241 participants with hyperlipidemia, from four academic centers across Canada were randomized and completed either a DASH-type diet (control n = 82) or a dietary portfolio that included, soy protein, viscous fibers and nuts (n = 159) for 24 weeks. Fasting measures and 7-day food records were obtained at weeks 0, 12 and 24, with 24-h urines at weeks 0 and 24. The dietary portfolio reduced systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure compared to the control by 2.1 mm Hg (95% CI, 4.2 to -0.1 mm Hg) (p = 0.056), 1.8 mm Hg (CI, 3.2 to 0.4 mm Hg) (p = 0.013) and 1.9 mm Hg (CI, 3.4 to 0.4 mm Hg) (p = 0.015), respectively. Blood pressure reductions were small at 12 weeks and only reached significance at 24 weeks. Nuts, soy and viscous fiber all related negatively to change in mean arterial pressure (ρ = -0.15 to -0.17, p ≤ 0.016) as did urinary potassium (ρ = -0.25, p = 0.001), while the Na(+)/K(+) ratio was positively associated (ρ = 0.20, p = 0.010). CONCLUSIONS Consumption of a cholesterol-lowering dietary portfolio also decreased blood pressure by comparison with a healthy DASH-type diet. CLINICAL TRIAL REG. NO.: NCT00438425, clinicaltrials.gov.

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